GHK-Cu (Copper Tripeptide-1, or Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine-Cu²⁺) is a natural tripeptide complex bound to a copper ion. It is released during collagen degradation and targets fibroblasts to initiate new collagen synthesis.
OVERVIEW
GHK-Cu is studied for its ability to stimulate collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycan synthesis, reduce inflammation and infection in wounds, and protect cells against oxidative stress. One-month clinical studies reported improvements in skin thickness, elasticity, and hydration.
A documented synergy with low molecular weight hyaluronic acid (LMW-HA) — particularly at a GHK-Cu:LMW-HA ratio of 1:9 — appears to significantly boost collagen IV synthesis beyond either compound alone.
RESEARCH AREAS
Collagen synthesis — stimulation of types I, IV, and VII; improvement in skin thickness, density, and elasticity in clinical studies.
Anti-inflammatory — reduction of TNF-α, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in ischemic wounds; suppression of NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways.
Wound healing — 3× faster closure than standard care in diabetic neuropathic ulcers; infection rate of 7% vs. 34% (control group).
Antioxidant — protection against ROS, RNS, and RCS; 87% reduction in iron release from ferritin (lipid peroxidation catalyst).
Wrinkles — reduction in wrinkle depth and improvement in skin laxity, clarity, and firmness after 12 weeks (mild to advanced photodamage).
CHEMICAL DATA
| Molecular formula | C₁₄H₂₃CuN₆O₄ |
| Molecular weight | 340.38 g/mol |
| Other names | Copper Tripeptide-1, Cu-GHK, 6BJQ43T1I9 |
| Form | Powder (external use only) |
| Purity | >99% HPLC |
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